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Lod
Lod (; (アラビア語:الْلُدّ) '; Greco-Latin: ''Lydda'', ''Diospolis'', Ancient Greek: Λύδδα / Διόσπολις - city of Zeus) is a mixed Jewish-Arab city southeast of Tel Aviv in the Center District of Israel. At the end of 2012, it had a population of 71,060.〔
The name is derived from the Biblical city of Lod,〔The Madaba Mosaic Map, Jerusalem 1954, 61-62〕〔Yacobi, Haim. ''The Jewish-Arab City'', Taylor & Francis, 2009, p. 29: "The occupation of Lydda by Israel in the 1948 war did not allow the realization of Pocheck's garden city vision. Different geopolitics and ideologies began to shape Lydda's urban landscape ... () its name was changed from Lydda to Lod, which was the region's biblical name."; also see Pearlman, Moshe and Yannai, Yacov. ''Historical sites in Israel''. Vanguard Press, 1964, p. 160. For the Hebrew name being used by inhabitants before 1948, see ''A Cyclopædia of Biblical literature'': Volume 2, by John Kitto, William Lindsay Alexander. p. 842 ("... the old Hebrew name, Lod, which had probably been always used by the inhabitants, appears again in history."); And Lod (Lydda), Israel: from its origins through the Byzantine period, 5600 B.C.E.-640 C.E., by Joshua J. Schwartz, 1991, p. 15 ("the pronunciation Lud began to appear along with the form Lod")〕 and it was a significant Judean town from the Maccabean Period to the early Christian period. By modern times the city had only retained a very small Jewish community, who were forced to leave by the 1921 Arab riots. During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War most of the city's Arab inhabitants were expelled in the 1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle.〔(Shapira, Anita, “Politics and Collective Memory: the Debate Over the 'New Historians' in Israel ),” ''History and Memory'' 7 (1) (Spring 1995), pp. 9ff, 12–13, 16–17.〕〔https://books.google.jo/books?id=MT0eBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA420&dq=ethnic+cleansing+of+lydda&hl=ar&sa=X&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAGoVChMIoLDxivTMyAIVQdoUCh2f7wqU#v=onepage&q=ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20lydda&f=false〕 The town was resettled by Jewish immigrants, most of them refugees from Arab countries,〔〔Morris, Benny. (2004) ''The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited''. Cambridge University Press, pp. 414-461.〕 alongside 1,056 Arabs who remained.〔M. Sharon, s.v. "Ludd," Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed. Leiden: Brill, 1986, vol. 5, pp. 798-803. ISBN 978-90-04-07164-3.〕
Israel's main international airport, Ben Gurion International Airport (previously known as Lydda Airport, RAF Lydda, and Lod Airport) is located on the outskirts of the city.
==Etymology==
The Hebrew name Lod appears in the Bible as a town of Benjamin, founded by Shamed or Shamer (1 Chronicles 8:12; Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 7:37; 11:35). In the New Testament, it appears as its Greek form, Lydda.〔Bible Dictionary, "Lydda".〕〔International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, "Lod; Lydda"〕 The city also finds reference in an Islamic Hadith, as the location of the battlefield where Dajjal (the devil) will be slain before the Day of Judgment.
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